Until the Referee Calls It, It Ain’t a Foul – Crime, State Capture and Sustainable Development in Africa - Tekedia

Africa’s development is held back when the state fails to act like a referee by investigating and punishing wrongdoing.

Using a football refereeing metaphor, the article says misconduct becomes enforceable only when an authoritative state body steps in.

Delayed or absent government action fuels corruption, organized crime, political instability, and public distrust.

The result is deeper impunity and weaker rule of law, accountability, economic growth, and sustainable development.