Researchers 3D print microrobots that move like single-celled organisms without a ‘brain’

Researchers at Leiden University 3D printed chain-like microrobots 0.5–5 μm long that move at about 7 μm/s.

The microrobots propel themselves without electronics or external control by using shape and environmental interactions.

They start moving when exposed to an electric field and show continuous feedback between shape and motion.

Researchers say the devices were printed at the technical limits of current 3D printing and may have medical applications.