A Silent Bone Condition Affects 40% of Adults. Here's What to Know.

Osteopenia is a common, often symptomless loss of bone density that affects about 40% of adults worldwide.

It is diagnosed with a DXA scan using T-scores, and it signals higher fracture risk before osteoporosis develops.

Risk is higher in older adults and postmenopausal women, and can also rise with steroid use and conditions like Crohn’s or coeliac disease.

Management focuses on weight-bearing and resistance exercise, calcium and vitamin D, and reducing risk factors; some people may need medication.