S-Bus: Automatic Read-Set Reconstruction for Multi-Agent LLM State Coordination

Researchers introduced S-Bus, an HTTP middleware that reconstructs agent read sets from traffic logs to prevent structural race conditions in multi-agent LLM systems.

S-Bus uses a server-side DeliveryLog to infer what each agent read from HTTP GET requests and enforces Observable-Read Isolation at commit time.

The design is backed by formal proofs, model checking, and comparisons showing contention behavior similar to PostgreSQL SERIALIZABLE and Redis WATCH/MULTI.

The work highlights a middleware-only coordination approach for shared state in multi-agent LLM apps, without requiring changes to agent SDKs.

It also shows the tradeoff: the approach can prevent corruption in some workloads but may be harmful in others depending on topology.